Consider Behavioral Health Evaluations During Hospital Stays

Aug. 11, 2025

Coexisting physical and behavioral health conditions can be difficult to manage. Studies have found that people hospitalized for physical health conditions who also have mental illness are more likely to be readmitted than people who don’t have mental illness. 

To help improve health outcomes for our members receiving inpatient care, we encourage hospital staff and attending providers to consider behavioral health evaluations and follow-up care coordination when appropriate. Consider the following tips:

  • Discuss with our members and their medical teams how medical and behavioral health diagnoses are important and can be intertwined.

  • Facilitate behavioral health evaluations for our members when they’re admitted to a medical unit for a medical concern and also exhibiting behavioral health symptoms.

  • Coordinate care with our members’ medical and behavioral health providers and social support to help ensure timely follow-ups. A behavioral health follow-up within 30 days after discharge can be in the form of:

    • Behavioral health inpatient admission

    • Partial hospitalization program

    • Intensive outpatient program

    • Behavioral health outpatient appointment

Coding for behavioral health evaluation and management: When a member receives a psychiatric consultation while medically inpatient and receives a secondary behavioral health diagnosis, include the following on claims:

  • The behavioral health diagnosis

  • The correct Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) codes for a psychiatric evaluation

Below is information from the American Medical Association on evaluation and management codes related to hospital inpatient or observation care. Refer to pages 24 and 28 of the AMA document for more details. Total time for reporting these services includes face-to-face and non-face-to-face time personally spent by the physician or other qualified health care professional on the date of the encounter.

CPT code

Threshold Time

Description

99221

At least 40 minutes of total time on the date of the encounter

Initial hospital inpatient or observation care, per day, for the evaluation/management of a patient, which requires a medically appropriate history and/or examination and straightforward or low level medical decision making

99222

At least 55 minutes of total time on the date of the encounter

Initial hospital inpatient or observation care, per day, for the E/M of a patient, which requires a medically appropriate history and/or examination and moderate level of medical decision making

99223

At least 75 minutes of total time on the date of the encounter

Initial hospital inpatient or observation care, per day, for the E/M of a patient, which requires a medically appropriate history and/or examination and high level of medical decision making

99231

At least 25 minutes of total time on the date of the encounter Subsequent hospital inpatient or observation care, per day, for the E/M of a patient, which requires a medically appropriate history and/or examination and straightforward or low level of medical decision making

99232

At least 35 minutes of total time on the encounter on a single date

Subsequent hospital inpatient or observation care, per day, for the E/M of a patient, which requires a medically appropriate history and/or examination and moderate level of medical decision making

99233

At least 50 minutes of total time on the date of the encounter

Subsequent hospital inpatient or observation care, per day, for the E/M of a patient, which requires a medically appropriate history and/or examination and high level of medical decision making

 

The material presented here is for informational/educational purposes only, is not intended to be medical advice or a definitive source for coding claims and is not a substitute for the independent medical judgment of a physician or other health care provider. Health care providers are encouraged to exercise their own independent medical judgment based upon their evaluation of their patients’ conditions and all available information, and to submit claims using the most appropriate code(s) based upon the medical record documentation and coding guidelines and reference materials. References to other third-party sources or organizations are not a representation, warranty or endorsement of such organization. The fact that a service or treatment is described in this material, is not a guarantee that the service or treatment is a covered benefit and members should refer to their member contract or member guide for more details, including benefits, limitations and exclusions. Regardless of benefits, the final decision about any service or treatment is between the member and their health care provider.

CPT copyright 2024 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. CPT is a registered trademark of the AMA.